Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42135341›Full record

ArticleNPJ biofilms and microbiomes2026

Neonatal intensive care unit exposures reprogram microbiome-metabolome trajectories and modulate host calprotectin in preterm infants: a longitudinal multi-omics study.

Yihuang Huang, Luyang Hong, Shujuan Li, Lan Zhang, Xinhui Guo, Junyan Han, Weiyin Yu, Huiyu Chen, Ningxin Luo, Jinglin Chen and 6 more

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In one paragraph

Article in NPJ biofilms and microbiomes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Yihuang Huang *Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Luyang Hong *Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Shujuan Li *Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Lan ZhangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Xinhui GuoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Junyan HanDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Weiyin YuDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Huiyu ChenDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Ningxin LuoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Jinglin ChenDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Wenjing PengDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Yufeng ZhouNHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Shangyu HongState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Weili YanDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology of Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
Siyuan JiangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China. jiangsiyuan@fudan.edu.cn.
Yun CaoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China. yuncao@fudan.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 82402017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early-life gut microbiota development is critical for orchestrating mucosal barrier function and immune priming, as disruptions in this process can increase susceptibility to life-threatening diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis. This longitudinal multi-omics study of 186 preterm infants (<32 weeks of gestation or <1500 g birth weight) explores the impact of early-life exposures in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) on gut microbiota, metabolism, and immune responses. We analyzed 1153 stool samples using quantitative microbial profiling, untargeted metabolomics, and fecal S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) levels. Antibiotic exposure suppressed anaerobic colonization and microbial diversity in a cumulative exposure-dependent manner, with breastmilk feeding partially mitigating these effects. The stool metabolome correlated with microbial colonization, showing antibiotic-driven disruptions in polyamine metabolism linked to anaerobe abundance. Host calprotectin levels followed a biphasic pattern, correlating with microbial diversity and polyamine metabolites. Mediation analysis identified anaerobe suppression and polyamine depletion as key drivers of antibiotic-associated reductions in calprotectin. This study reveals that NICU interventions, particularly antibiotics, reprogram the preterm gut ecosystem and immune response, with anaerobes and polyamines being key mediators linking microbial ecology to immune maturation during early life.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeInfant, PrematureLeukocyte L1 Antigen ComplexMetabolomeAnti-Bacterial AgentsCalgranulin ACalgranulin BEnterocolitis, NecrotizingFecesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornIntensive Care Units, NeonatalLongitudinal StudiesMaleMetabolomicsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCalgranulin ACalgranulin BLeukocyte L1 Antigen ComplexPolyamines

Identifiers

PMID42135341
PMCPMC13677707

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