Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42133211›Full record

ReviewHealth economics review2026

Cost effectiveness of comprehensive geriatric assessment: a systematic review.

Alberto Pilotto, Francesco Saverio Ragusa, Nicola Veronese, Carlo Custodero, Pascal Roberto Titone, Giusy Vassallo, Emanuele Seminerio, Wanda Morganti, Alessandro Botrugno, Benedetta Margilio and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Health economics review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Alberto PilottoResearch, Development and Scientific Coordination Unit, National Reference & High Specialization Hospital, E.O. Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy.
Francesco Saverio RagusaGeriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy. francescosaverio.ragusa@unipa.it.
Nicola VeroneseFaculty of Medicine, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, 00161, Italy.
Carlo CustoderoClinica Medica "Augusto Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePrev-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Pascal Roberto TitoneGeriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy.
Giusy VassalloGeriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy.
Emanuele SeminerioResearch, Development and Scientific Coordination Unit, National Reference & High Specialization Hospital, E.O. Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy.
Wanda MorgantiResearch, Development and Scientific Coordination Unit, National Reference & High Specialization Hospital, E.O. Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy.
Alessandro BotrugnoClinica Medica "Augusto Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePrev-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Benedetta MargilioClinica Medica "Augusto Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePrev-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Mario BarbagalloGeriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, 90127, Italy.
Romina CustureriGeriatrics Unit, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, E.O. Galliera Hospitals, Genoa, Italy.
Mickaël HiligsmannDepartment of Health Services Research, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe role of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) is crucial from a clinical point of view for frail older patients, permitting tailored interventions that may address specific needs. In addition to its clinical significance, understanding the economic value of CGA is also essential. Cost-effectiveness analyses are increasingly conducted to evaluate health interventions, but the literature about CGA is still limited, and no comprehensive overview is currently available. The aim of our study is therefore to systematically review economic evaluations of CGA, including both cost analyses and cost-effectiveness analyses, to provide the most complete overview of the available evidence.

methodsWe searched several databases from database inception to 01st January 2025. We included studies that reported costs and/or cost-effectiveness of CGA compared to usual care. The characteristics and results of included studies were summarized using a narrative summary that compared and evaluated the methods used and the principal results among studies.

findingsAmong 3,839 articles initially screened, 36 studies with a total of 68,186 older people (mean age: 79 years old) followed on average for two years were included. Overall, 17 studies evaluated cost analysis, with 13 studies with lower cost in CGA group and 4 studies with higher cost. Similarly, 19 studies evaluated cost-effectiveness, among these 12 had Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) as outcome of which seven were dominant (lower costs for better health outcomes), and two were cost-effective. Finally, 7 studies assessed other outcomes than QALYs, with dominance achieved in five of them.

conclusionCGA appears to have the potential to be cost-effective in several settings, with many studies reporting favorable economic outcomes. Overall, CGA shows promise as an effective and cost-effective intervention, but further research with longer follow-up and a broader range of economic models is needed to fully assess its economic value.

Identifiers

PMID42133211
PMCPMC13343955

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.