SynthesisAmerican journal of clinical dermatology2026
Genomics of Primary and Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in American journal of clinical dermatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMelanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with limited durable responses despite therapeutic advances. Comprehensive characterization of genomic alterations may improve understanding of disease progression and inform therapeutic strategies.
objectiveWe aimed to characterize genomic alterations in cutaneous melanoma and compare mutation prevalences between primary and metastatic tumors to improve therapeutic strategies.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of genomic data from primary and metastatic cutaneous melanomas to assess the prevalence of gene mutations and copy number alterations. Relevant studies were identified in MEDLINE and Embase up to October 2024 using the search algorithm ((Mutation) OR "Genomics"[Mesh]) AND ("Melanoma"[Mesh]). Data were synthesized using random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the pooled prevalence of gene mutations and copy number variations, with heterogeneity assessed using I
resultsNinety-nine publications were included, encompassing 10,386 primary cutaneous melanoma samples and 4273 metastatic samples. The most frequently mutated genes in both settings were BRAF, TERT, TP53, NRAS, and NF1. The prevalence of BRAF, NRAS, TERT, CDKN2A, and PTEN mutations was significantly higher in metastatic lesions. NRAS mutations were more common in central nervous system metastases than in other metastatic sites. In contrast, KIT mutations were more common in primary tumors. Acral melanoma exhibited a distinct molecular profile, with an overall lower mutation prevalence, particularly involving BRAF. Chromosomal losses at 9p21.3 and 9p21 were commonly observed in both primary and metastatic tumors, with higher prevalence in primary tumors.
conclusionsOur findings highlight distinct genomic differences between primary and metastatic melanoma, underscoring the value of metastatic tumor biopsies in informing molecularly guided treatment decisions.
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