ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2026
Model Analysis of the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8: Can Physical Activity Mitigate Cardiovascular Risk Among Low-Income Individuals?
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundLife's Essential 8 provides a comprehensive framework linking modifiable behavioral and biological factors to cardiovascular risk. This study evaluated a multimediation model to explain how low income is associated with cardiovascular risk indexed by blood pressure.
methodsNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2021-2023) data were analyzed among community-dwelling US adults (n=3345). A multimediation path analysis tested a behavioral-to-biological pathway from income through health behaviors (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA], sleep, nutrition, and smoking) to biological measures (body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose), with systolic blood pressure as the end point.
resultsLow income was associated with lower MVPA (β=0.11,
conclusionsLow income was associated with unhealthy behaviors and indirect associations with adverse biological outcomes and elevated systolic blood pressure. MVPA demonstrated the strongest behavioral association, suggesting that promoting MVPA may mitigate income-related cardiovascular risk and inform community-based trials among low-income individuals.
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