SynthesisJournal of periodontal research2026
Keratinized Mucosa Width and Incidence of Peri-Implant Diseases: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of periodontal research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
aimTo assess whether the presence and width of keratinized mucosa (KM) influence the incidence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis at the implant level.
methodsElectronic searches were conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, complemented by gray literature and manual searches. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies reporting implant-level incidence of peri-implant diseases in sites with adequate versus inadequate KM were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed for two KM thresholds (> 0 mm vs. 0 mm; ≥ 2 mm vs. < 2 mm), and subgroup analyses compared prospective versus retrospective cohorts. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for cohort studies.
resultsTwelve cohort studies (938 patients; 2646 implants) were included. KM was not associated with the incidence of peri-implant mucositis for either threshold (> 0 mm vs. 0 mm: RR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.69-1.21; ≥ 2 mm vs. < 2 mm: RR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.41-1.20). In contrast, peri-implantitis incidence was significantly lower in implants with KM (> 0 mm) compared to those without KM (0 mm) (RR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.91) and in implants with KM ≥ 2 mm compared to < 2 mm (RR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.37-0.84). No significant subgroup differences were observed between prospective and retrospective studies. According to the JBI checklist, 75% of the included studies were classified as having a low risk of bias.
conclusionEvidence from cohort studies suggests no association between KM and peri-implant mucositis incidence, whereas both the presence of KM and a width of ≥ 2 mm are associated with a lower incidence of peri-implantitis. Thus, KM assessment may be considered as a part of peri-implant risk evaluation.
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