ArticleCureus2026
Clinical Profile and Psychosocial Correlates of Childhood Depressive Disorder: A Case-Control Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHistorically, childhood depression was overlooked due to perceived developmental immaturity. However, modern paradigms recognize it as a complex disorder often presenting with "masked" symptoms that differ from adult manifestations. In India, prevalence rates show an increasing trend, yet research on younger children remains sparse. This study aimed to delineate the clinical features, temperamental traits, and family environmental correlates of childhood depressive episodes in an eastern Indian hospital setting, while quantifying the perceptual gap between children and parents.
methodsThis institution-based, case-control study screened 145 children aged 5-12 years, resulting in a final population of 34 cases (diagnosed via the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Diagnostic Criteria for Research) and 34 age- and sex-matched controls. Assessment tools included the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC), Draw-a-Person Test (DAP) for evolving personality traits, and the Family Environmental Scale (FES). Statistical analysis data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA) and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages, while numerical variables were expressed as means and standard deviations (SD). Inferential statistics included the chi-squared (χ
resultsDepressive episode was diagnosed in 23.44% (n = 34) of children. Most cases were aged 9-12 years (n = 26, 76.5%) with a slight male preponderance (n = 18, 52.29%). Frequent symptoms included sleep disturbances (n = 28, 82.35%), irritability (n = 26, 76.47%), and somatic complaints (n = 22, 64.7%). Environmental stressors such as bullying (χ
conclusionChildren with depression present with varied symptoms, including somatic and behavioral problems. Childhood depression is a multi-dimensional disorder that correlates with the family environment and temperament of the child. The significant parent-child perceptual gap highlights the need for child-centric assessment tools and enhanced parental awareness to ensure early diagnosis and minimize long-term social impairment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.