ArticleBrain hemorrhages2025
Immune cells in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Article in Brain hemorrhages, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeting HMGB1 for Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hematoma-driven immuno-epigenetic remodeling after intracerebral hemorrhage: cell-type-specific mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Natural killer T cells in intracerebral hemorrhage: phase-dependent immune responses and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the deadliest form of stroke, is characterized by bleeding into brain parenchyma and formation of hematoma. Currently, there is no treatment available for ICH. Inflammatory response is a key pathology of ICH and plays a dual role in ICH---contributing to both secondary brain injury and recovery processes. This review discusses different types (both brain-resident and infiltrated) of immune cells and their functions during inflammation processes following ICH. Specifically, the temporal dynamics, polarization, and function of microglia/macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and astrocytes in ICH are summarized in a cell-specific manner. In addition, we also discuss key challenges and unanswered questions that need to be addressed in the future. A thorough understanding of the functions of different immune cells in ICH will provide a strong foundation for future studies and lead to the identification of novel cellular/molecular targets for therapeutic development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.