Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42130624›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026

Immunorepertoire-based characterization of adaptive immunity in human malignant pleural effusion.

Chuang-Xin Zhang, Xin-Ao Li, Yu-Peng Li, Kan Zhai

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
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Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Chuang-Xin Zhang *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Xin-Ao Li *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Yu-Peng LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Kan ZhaiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) frequently occurs in patients with advanced cancer and is predominantly infiltrated by lymphocytes, particularly CD4 Methods: In this study, we comprehensively characterized adaptive immune alterations in human lung adenocarcinoma-associated MPE and peripheral blood samples using single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell V(D)J sequencing. Results: No significant difference in complementary determining region 3 length distribution was observed among adaptive immune cell subsets between MPE and blood samples. Within MPE microenvironment, regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells preferentially harbored specific V(D)J gene segments, while Th1/17 cells exhibited marked clonal expansion associated with metabolic adaptation, enhanced effector functions, and a propensity to recognize MPE-specific antigens. In addition, expanded cytotoxic CD8 Conclusions: This study provides a TCR/BCR-based single-cell atlas of adaptive immune profiles in MPE, offering new insights into the immunopathogenesis of this malignancy-associated condition.

Indexed as

B-cell receptorlung cancermalignant pleural effusionsingle-cell sequencingT-cell receptor

Identifiers

PMID42130624
PMCPMC13160786

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.