ArticleMalaria journal2026
Impact of a one-year interruption to vector control on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.
Article in Malaria journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOver the last 20 years, malaria transmission on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea has declined dramatically thanks to the implementation of a comprehensive set of malaria control activities, centered around island-wide indoor residual spraying (IRS). In 2024 Bioko Island experienced a lapse in malaria control funding, and as a result vector control activities (including IRS) were interrupted. However, agreements with funders allowed for both a previously planned malaria indicator survey (MIS) and the subsequent implementation of indoor residual spraying (IRS) in late 2024.
methodsThis study analyses routine case data from public health facilities from 2019-2024 and annual cross-sectional MIS data from 2019-2024 using interrupted time series methods to quantify the impact of the interruption and reestablishment of malaria control activities on Bioko Island. Modeling included interaction terms to allow both pre-intervention trends and interruption effect sizes to vary by district.
resultsIn 2024, the number of confirmed cases reported was 41% higher than the 2021-2023 average, and the Plasmodium falciparum prevalence rate (PfPR) rose by three percentage points. Statistical modeling estimated that 23.1% (95% CI 9.2-33.7%) of 2024 cases were associated with the timing of vector control interruptions and potentially avertable if control activities had been maintained, and that the interruption was associated with an increased PfPR in 2024, above previous trends (adjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.35). Moreover, the reintroduction in IRS in late 2024 was found to have potentially averted an additional 13.3% (95% CI 4.4-28.4%) increase in confirmed cases.
conclusionsIn just 1 year with interruptions to control, malaria transmission and burden quickly resurged on Bioko Island. However, Bioko's experience demonstrates that the reestablishment of control activities can equally rapidly contain, and reverse resurgence associated with control interruptions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.