Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42129592›Full record

ArticleHead & neck2026

Poor Diet and Oral Cavity Cancer Risk in Smoking and Non-Smoking Men and Women: An Analysis of Three US Cohorts.

Mateo Useche, Luis Gomez-Castillo, Kara Cushing-Haugen, Rocco Ferrandino, Neal Futran, Emily Marchiano, Cristina P Rodriguez, Holly R Harris, Brittany Barber

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Head & neck, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mateo UsecheDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2331-7620
Luis Gomez-CastilloDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Kara Cushing-HaugenPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Rocco FerrandinoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2092-0296
Neal FutranDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Emily MarchianoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Cristina P RodriguezDivision of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Holly R HarrisPublic Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Brittany BarberDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0549-0884

Funding

Statistical MethodsP01CA087969 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ROSNER, BERNARD A · 2000 to 2019
$77.8M
Long Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health StudyUM1CA186107 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ELIASSEN, A. HEATHER, STAMPFER, MEIR · 2014 to 2023
$22.3M
Life Course Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in WomenUM1CA176726 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI WILLETT, WALTER C. · 2013 to 2017
$15.7M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA087969NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA176726NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA186107NIH HHS P01 CA87969NIH HHS UM1 CA176726NIH HHS UM1 CA186107
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOral cavity cancer (OCC) incidence is rising among non-smokers and younger individuals without traditional risk factors. While carcinogenic exposures such as tobacco and alcohol are well studied, the association between unhealthy dietary patterns and OCC has been minimally explored. This study evaluated the association between dietary patterns and OCC risk in men and women.

methodsThis prospective cohort study used data from three large U.S. longitudinal cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (n = 68 715, 1986-2016), Nurses' Health Study II (n = 93 887, 1991-2017), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n = 47 923, 1986-2016). Participants included 162 602 women and 47 923 men without cancer at baseline. Dietary intake was assessed every 4 years using validated food frequency questionnaires. Three dietary patterns were evaluated: Western, Prudent, and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI). Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

resultsOver 30 years of follow-up, 226 incident OCC cases were identified (124 in women and 102 in men). Among women, lower adherence to the Prudent and AHEI dietary patterns had higher OCC risk (HR for lowest vs. highest quartile, HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.03-3.35, and HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.24-3.77, respectively). Among non- or light-smoking and non- or light-drinking women, low adherence to the Prudent diet significantly increased OCC risk (HR for lowest vs. highest quartile 2.94, 95% CI 1.06-8.10). No associations were observed in men. Formal tests for interaction by sex were not statistically significant.

conclusionsLow adherence to Prudent and AHEI dietary patterns was associated with a higher risk of OCC in women but not men that warrants further investigation in larger pooled studies.

Indexed as

DietMouth NeoplasmsSmokingAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedNon-SmokersProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited StatesAHEIdietary patternshealthy dietoral cancer riskOral cavity cancerprudent diet

Identifiers

PMID42129592
PMCPMC13653316

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.