Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42129170›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Synergistic antidiabetic efficacy of dorzolamide and metformin: HPTLC quantification and biological evaluation.

Noha G Abdel-Hafez, Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez, Ahmed M Abd-Eldayem, Noha N Atia, Samia M El-Gizawy, Marwa F B Ali

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Noha G Abdel-HafezPharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt. noha.gamal016@gmail.com.
Hanan H Abd-ElhafeezDepartment of Cell and Tissue, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Ahmed M Abd-EldayemDepartment of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Noha N AtiaPharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Samia M El-GizawyPharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Marwa F B AliPharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dorzolamide (DOR), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor primarily used for glaucoma, may exert antidiabetic effects by modulating metabolic pathways such as gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. This study investigated the potential of DOR as a therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus (DM) and evaluated its synergistic efficacy with metformin (MET) in an alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit model. A sensitive and selective high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of DOR and MET in biological matrices. Five groups of male Boskat rabbits (n = 6) were treated with saline, MET (10 mg/kg), DOR (10 mg/kg), or a DOR-MET combination. Notably, while DOR and MET monotherapies reduced blood glucose levels (BGLs) by approximately 32% and 28%, respectively, their co-administration produced a significant synergistic effect, resulting in a 48% reduction in BGLs (p < 0.001). HbA1c levels followed a comparable downward trajectory. Chromatographic separation was achieved on HPTLC silica gel 60 plates with a mobile phase composed of methanol, glacial acetic acid, and 25% ammonia in a volumetric ratio of 5:0.5:0.075, demonstrating excellent linearity (25-1200 ng/band) and low limits of detection (3.14 ng/band for DOR; 3.3 ng/band for MET). Histopathological analysis confirmed the protective effects of the combination, revealing preserved pancreatic islet morphology and reduced hepatic cellular degeneration. This investigation is the first to demonstrate the antidiabetic synergy of DOR and MET, supported by biochemical, histological, and chromatographic evidence. The validated HPTLC‑densitometric method provides a simple, sensitive, and cost‑effective tool for routine analysis, while the biological findings highlight a promising therapeutic strategy for DM management.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminSulfonamidesThiophenesAlloxanAnimalsBlood GlucoseChromatography, Thin LayerDrug SynergismMaleRabbitsAlloxanBlood GlucosedorzolamideHypoglycemic AgentsMetforminSulfonamidesThiophenesDiabetes mellitusDorzolamideHPTLCHuman urineMetformin

Identifiers

PMID42129170
PMCPMC13172446

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.