Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42129081›Full record

ArticleObesity surgery2026

Estimating the Bariatric Surgery Rate in the Potentially Eligible Population within the Brazilian Public Healthcare System, 2017-2023.

Luis Roberto da Silva, Claudio Makoto Kanai, Anna Carolina Batista Dantas, Wayner Vieira de Souza, Denis Pajecki, Beatriz Helena Tess

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Obesity surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Luis Roberto da SilvaDepartamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. robertosillva059@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6194-7615
Claudio Makoto KanaiDepartamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7967-0108
Anna Carolina Batista DantasDepartamento de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9505-6784
Wayner Vieira de SouzaIn memoriam. Departamento de Saúde Pública, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Denis PajeckiUnidade de Cirurgia Bariátrica e Metabólica, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0898-9285
Beatriz Helena TessDepartamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. beatriz.tess@usp.br.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9921-9234

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introduction/purposeAccess to bariatric surgery (BS) remains limited in most countries with public healthcare systems, despite the continued rise in obesity prevalence, and Brazil is no exception. This study aimed to estimate the BS rate among adults with severe obesity who were potentially eligible for the procedure in Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District between 2017 and 2023.

methodsPublicly available national databases were used to obtain the number of performed surgeries and to estimate the eligible population. Severe forms of obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m² or BMI between 35 and 40 kg/m² in the presence of diabetes or hypertension. The BS rate was calculated using, as the denominator, the number of adults with severe forms of obesity who reported having no private healthcare insurance.

results1,251,075 adults living in the study sites had severe forms of obesity. Of these, 738,430 reported having no private healthcare insurance. Between 2017 and 2023, 8,205 BS were performed on residents who underwent the procedure in their state capital. Overall, only 1% (95% CI 1.09-1.14) of eligible individuals underwent BS in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) over the study period.

conclusionThese findings highlight the extremely limited access to surgical treatment for severe forms of obesity in the SUS, despite the country being a global leader in the absolute numbers of BS. Accurate estimates of the number of potential candidates for BS may help identify barriers to treatment which may, in turn, increase the BS rates in Brazil and elsewhere.

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryHealth Services AccessibilityObesity, MorbidAdultBody Mass IndexBrazilFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNational Health ProgramsBariatric SurgeryBrazil.Health Services AccessibilityObesityPublic Health

Identifiers

PMID42129081
PMCPMC13249625

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.