Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42128979›Full record

ArticleTechniques in coloproctology2026

Using contrast-enhancing software to improve sentinel lymph node detection with indocyanine green in colon cancer surgery.

Bart C T van de Laar, Daan J Sikkenk, Bloem N van Dam, Paul M Verheijen, Wouter B Nagengast, Esther C J Consten

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Techniques in coloproctology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Bart C T van de LaarDepartment of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6204-8494
Daan J SikkenkDepartment of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1645-3077
Bloem N van DamTechnical Medicine, University of Twente, Hallenweg 5, 7522 NH, Enschede, the Netherlands.
Paul M VerheijenDepartment of Surgery, Meander Medical Center, Maatweg 3, 3813 TZ, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-8310
Wouter B NagengastDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6164-1536
Esther C J ConstenDepartment of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands. e.c.j.consten@umcg.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-8181

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundColon cancer (CC) is primarily treated with segmental resection, a surgical procedure associated with high morbidity and potential mortality. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy using the near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) tracer indocyanine green (ICG) may help mitigate these risks by enabling organ-preserving surgery without the need for an anastomosis. It is hypothesized that contrast-enhancing software for NIRF could further improve SLN detection.

methodsThis retrospective study evaluated whether a contrast-enhanced NIRF view improved SLN detection compared to the standard NIRF view of the robotic surgical system (da Vinci Xi). The contrast-enhanced view was generated using surgical image analysis software (PerfusionWorks), which enhances NIRF visual contrast. A retrospective analysis was conducted using intraoperative videos from SLN mapping with ICG in 10 patients with CC. Fifteen clinicians with varying levels of experience annotated video clips using both the standard and the contrast-enhanced views (44 clips per clinician in total). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, time-to-detection, and confidence scores were compared between the two views.

resultsThe contrast-enhanced view significantly improved sensitivity (49.3% to 62.4%, p < 0.001) and accuracy (46.1% to 51.8%, p < 0.001) compared to the standard view, with a decrease in specificity that was not statistically significant (39.4% to 30.4%, p = 0.08). On a 6-point Likert scale, clinicians reported higher confidence in their annotations with the contrast-enhanced view (median 5 vs. 4, p < 0.001).

conclusionThe contrast-enhancing software improved SLN detection in this test setting, improving sensitivity and accuracy. These findings support further investigation of its application in an intraoperative setting.

Indexed as

Colonic NeoplasmsContrast MediaIndocyanine GreenSentinel Lymph NodeSentinel Lymph Node BiopsySoftwareAgedColorectal Surgical ProceduresColoring AgentsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRobotic Surgical ProceduresSensitivity and SpecificityColoring AgentsContrast MediaIndocyanine GreenColonic neoplasmsContrast-enhancing softwareFluorescence-guided surgeryIndocyanine greenRobotic surgical proceduresSentinel lymph node biopsy

Identifiers

PMID42128979
PMCPMC13342319

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.