ArticleBMJ open quality2026
Integration of specialised mental health services in an HIV clinic in a low resource setting.
Article in BMJ open quality, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Neuropsychiatric complications associated with HIV have been extensively studied, given the significant impact they have on the global disease burden. Despite an abundance of research focusing on HIV's influence on mental health, there remains a dearth of investigation into the integration of comprehensive mental health services and the exploration of a broader spectrum of mental health conditions within this population, especially for low-resource settings.This programme aimed to integrate specialised mental health services through the introduction of routine screening, internal referral pathways, on-site psychiatric assessment, treatment and external referral pathways and determine the spectrum of mental health disorders among individuals with HIV at the Infectious Diseases Institute, Uganda.The psychiatric health services were set up in collaboration with health experts from the institute who facilitated the screening and treatment protocols for mental illnesses in HIV care. Patients were screened for mental illnesses; those who screened positive were further assessed by a psychiatrist and treated and others were referred for further treatment as needed at Mulago National Referral Hospital. We conducted a chart review in 2016 of all cases that had registered since 2013. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA V.13.0 to generate descriptive statistics.A specialised mental health clinic was successfully incorporated into Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere. The protocols for screening, treatment, long-term management and follow-up were established. Among the 211 retrieved cases, there were more females (66.5%), and nearly a quarter of the individuals (22.4%) had a history of prior mental illness. Predominant diagnoses included depression (27%), adjustment disorder (16.1%) and HIV-related psychosis (10%).Our findings underscore the viability of integrating specialised mental health services into routine HIV differentiated care through this model. Mental disorders, notably depression, were prevalent within this clinic. Based on these insights, we advocate for enhanced mental healthcare delivery for the HIV populations.
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