ArticleScience advances2026
Surface reduction boosts free electron concentration in MXene for enhanced photothermal performance.
Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The photothermal properties of MXenes originate from the localized surface plasmon resonance, which is attributed to their high free electron concentration. However, their intrinsic electron concentration is limited by suboptimal d-orbital occupancy and the electron-withdrawing effect from electronegative terminations. Herein, we report a sodium-mediated surface reduction strategy in molten salts, which optimizes the surface coordination environment via electronic modulation to mitigate the electron-withdrawing and electron-scattering effects, while simultaneously injecting electrons into the Ti-3d states for controlled state filling. This dual modulation enables the free electron concentration, carrier mobility, and electrical conductivity to reach 4.92, 2.63, and 12.96 times that of the pristine MXene, respectively. The optimized reduced Ti
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.