Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42127168›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Mechanical pulling force and alternating current comodulation electrohydrodynamic printing.

Dazhi Wang, Chang Liu, Xu Chen, Xiangji Chen, Zefei Li, Kaiwen Chen, Fengshu Wang, Xiaopeng Zhang, Ran Zhang, Liujia Suo and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Dazhi WangState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0038-0771
Chang LiuState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0001-4886-0742
Xu ChenState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3361-6456
Xiangji ChenState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0008-9919-2060
Zefei LiState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Kaiwen ChenState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0005-0410-7096
Fengshu WangState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Xiaopeng ZhangState Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis, Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9296-0583
Ran ZhangState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0506-1334
Liujia SuoKey Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0006-4203-0605
Ruixuan XuKey Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0006-5002-3579
Shuaiwu LiuLiaoning Huanghai Laboratory, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0009-0786-6572
Shiwen LiangNingbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315000, China.ORCID 0009-0006-7493-5054
Lingjie KongNingbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315000, China.
Tiesheng WangKey Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7587-7681
Yiwen FengState Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.ORCID 0009-0003-4544-0819

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To achieve precise printing using high-viscosity paste on insulating substrates, we propose a mechanical pulling force and alternating current comodulation electrohydrodynamic (MAC-EHD) printing method. The technique effectively refines the liquid bridges of high-viscosity paste during deposition by leveraging the synergistic effect of mechanical pulling force and electric field force, thereby improving printing resolution. In addition, it achieves in situ neutralization of charge through an alternating electric field, enhancing the stability of the printing process. To address the challenge of controlling process parameters in MAC-EHD printing, we develop a high-precision prediction model for the MAC-EHD printing mode. This model determines the range of process parameters required for well MAC-EHD printing mode. Experimental results demonstrate that the flexible transparent conductive panels fabricated using this technology exhibit superior performance. These findings validate the advantages of MAC-EHD printing in terms of high resolution and high molding accuracy for high-viscosity paste deposition.

Identifiers

PMID42127168
PMCPMC13170655

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.