ArticleVeterinary research communications2026
Assessment of the accuracy of digital surgical planning and its implementation with tibial plateau levelling osteotomy.
Article in Veterinary research communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPre-operative planning of orthopaedic procedures is widely regarded as critical to their safe execution; however, the ability to both accurately plan and enact the plan have not been assessed in the veterinary context. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of boarded surgeons compared to surgical trainees to reproducibly plan a TPLO and then to implement this plan in vivo and in vitro.
methodsTwelve participants planned 10 TPLOs from blinded radiographs of dogs diagnosed with cranial cruciate ligament disease; this was repeated four weeks later and compared between surgical groups using linear mixed-effect models (LME). To assess the ability of a participant to implement their pre-operative planning in vivo, pre-operative TPLO plans were compared to post-operative radiographs for each patient using LME in 6 participants. In vitro, three 3D printed tibial models were provided to 8 surgeons. Each participant was asked to perform a TPLO osteotomy to predefined measurements and accuracy of this osteotomy was compared between groups using LME
resultsNeither the accuracy of pre-operative planning, nor the ability to accurately implement the plan at surgery, consistently changed with surgeon experience. Using 3D printed models, surgical trainees differed significantly from predetermined D1 (p = 0.019), D2 (p = 0.002) values and carried out significantly distomedial to proximolateral angled osteotomies (p < 0.001). However, surgical trainees and board-certified surgeons were not significantly different from each other when assessing the accuracy of in vitro osteotomies.
conclusionPre-operative planning is accurate across differing experience levels and is a valuable tool for the safe execution of canine TPLOs. Accuracy of implementation of the plan during surgery is similar between groups, but surgical trainees were less accurate than residency trained surgeons when undertaking TPLO osteotomies on tibial models. This highlights the critical requirement for intra-operative supervision of surgical trainees.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.