Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42126270›Full record

ArticlemBio2026

Label-free microscopy enables high-throughput identification of genes controlling biofilm development.

M R Pratyush, Jojo A Prentice, Rory A Eutsey, Irina V Mikheyeva, N Luisa Hiller, Andrew A Bridges

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mBio, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

M R Pratyush *Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8914-8206
Jojo A Prentice *Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1452-4799
Rory A EutseyDepartment of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Irina V MikheyevaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7584-9947
N Luisa HillerDepartment of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6572-1368
Andrew A BridgesDepartment of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8132-751X

Funding

Mechanisms of Bacterial Lysis SensingR35GM160020 · NIGMS · CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY · PI Andrew A. Bridges · 2025 to 2026
$835k
This way out: Spatiotemporal regulation of Vibrio cholerae biofilm dispersalR00AI158939 · NIAID · CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY · PI BRIDGES, ANDREW A. · 2023 to 2024
$498k
NIAID NIH HHS R00 AI158939NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM160020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biofilms are structured microbial communities that thrive on diverse surfaces in natural, industrial, and host environments. The biofilm lifestyle underpins microbial survival, shapes ecosystem function, and drives persistent infections; yet, for many microbes, the molecular determinants of biofilm development remain poorly defined. Here, we introduce "label-free analysis of biofilms" (LFAB), an imaging method that integrates time-lapse, low-magnification brightfield microscopy with regional optical density measurements to quantify biofilm biomass. Unlike conventional assays, LFAB enables real-time, non-perturbative, and high-throughput monitoring of biofilm dynamics. We validated LFAB across diverse microbial species and observed a strong correlation with traditional biofilm quantification methods. Applying LFAB to IMPORTANCE: Biofilms are structured communities of microorganisms that attach to surfaces and persist within a self-produced matrix. The biofilm lifestyle underlies microbial survival in nature, contributes to industrial biofouling, and drives many chronic infections. Despite the importance of biofilms, high-throughput measurements of biofilm growth dynamics are challenging using existing tools, which are often disruptive or are not scalable. To overcome this limitation, we developed "label-free analysis of biofilms" (LFAB), a brightfield-based imaging platform that enables real-time, non-perturbative, and scalable quantification of biofilm biomass. LFAB is broadly applicable across species and correlates strongly with traditional assays. Applying LFAB to

Indexed as

BiofilmsHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysMicroscopyStreptococcus pneumoniaeBacterial ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, BacterialBacterial ProteinsbiofilmsgeneticsStreptococcus pneumoniaeVibrio choleraevideo microscopy

Identifiers

PMID42126270
PMCPMC13251385

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.