Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42125929›Full record

ReviewPacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE2026

Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus/Sludge and Flow Velocity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Low CHA2DS2-VASc Scores.

Jing Cui, Liu He, Xue-Yuan Guo, Song-Nan Li, Ri-Bo Tang, Cai-Hua Sang, De-Yong Long, Xin Du, Jian-Zeng Dong, Chang-Sheng Ma

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jing CuiDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6072-5861
Liu HeDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Xue-Yuan GuoDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Song-Nan LiDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Ri-Bo TangDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Cai-Hua SangDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5421-4421
De-Yong LongDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Xin DuDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Jian-Zeng DongDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Chang-Sheng MaDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5387-5957

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC3601303
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients with low CHA2DS2-VASc scores still have a risk of atrial thrombus formation. This study aims to identify these patients' risk factors for intracardiac thrombus or sludge.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 919 consecutive hospitalized NVAF or atrial flutter patients with a CHA2DS2-Vas score ≤ 1 (male) and ≤ 2 (female) who underwent transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) before catheter ablation at Beijing An Zhen Hospital from November 2016 to December 2017. We collected the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the patients.

resultsExcluding seven patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 919 patients, including 17 identified left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus/sludge and 902 without LAA thrombus/sludge, were included. Among 17 patients with LAA thrombus/sludge, 16 (94.1%) had non-paroxysmal AF. A subgroup analysis was conducted in 403 non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. 87.8% had spontaneous echo contrast (SEC), 59.3% had severe or more severe SEC, and 4.0% had thrombus/sludge. In the multivariable model, female (odds ratio [OR] 4.612, 95% [CI] 1.454-14.627, p = 0.009) and LA diameter ≥ 45 mm (OR 13.340, [CI] 3.601, 49.415, p < 0.001) remained significantly independently associated with LAA thrombus/sludge.

conclusionAmong patients with NVAF and CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≤ 1 (male) and ≤ 2 (female), those non-paroxysmal AF patients who were female and had an LA ≥ 45 mm still had a risk of LAA thrombus/sludge formation.

Indexed as

Atrial AppendageAtrial FibrillationThrombosisAgedBlood Flow VelocityEchocardiography, TransesophagealFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk Factorsatrial fibrillationCHA2DS2‐VAScsludgethrombus

Identifiers

PMID42125929
PMCPMC13542314

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.