ArticleDigital health
Identifying core intervention components for an AI-XR-based telehealth platform (Attachment-BRIDGE) to support families of preterm infants: A two-round modified delphi study.
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Abstract
Objective: Families of preterm infants experience significant emotional and caregiving challenges during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)-to-home transition, with post-discharge decline in structured professional support. In this study, we aimed to identify core intervention components for an artificial intelligence (AI)-extended reality (XR)-based telehealth platform (Attachment-BRIDGE) to support families of preterm infants during the NICU-to-home transition. Methods: Using a Delphi consensus approach, a two-round study with a multidisciplinary panel of 22 participants (NICU nurses, neonatologists, paediatric nursing faculty, AI/XR engineers, and parents of preterm infants) was conducted in the Republic of Korea (1 July-29 August 2025). In Round 1, potential intervention components across three phases-early NICU admission, ongoing NICU hospitalisation, and post-discharge transition-were generated through open-ended responses and literature review. In Round 2, components were rated for importance and performance to identify priority-intervention needs. Results: We identified key intervention components that were consistently prioritised across phases, particularly related to emotional stabilisation, attachment-focused interaction, XR-guided caregiving practices, immersive emotional attunement, and simulation-based emergency preparedness. The largest priority gaps occurred during the mid-NICU hospitalisation phase of intensified parental involvement and caregiving responsibilities. Conclusion: We delineated a three-stage intervention framework-emotional stabilisation, attachment-focused interaction, and care preparedness-to design an AI-XR-based telehealth platform supporting families of preterm infants across the NICU-to-home transition.
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