SynthesisANZ journal of surgery2026
Efficacy and Safety of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion Treatment Modalities: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in ANZ journal of surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Anal Cancer Screening and High-Resolution Anoscopy: What Surgeons Should Know.ANZ journal of surgery · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is compelling evidence that treating high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), the anal squamous cell cancer (ASCC) precursor, reduces the risk of developing ASCC. Using high-resolution anoscopy (HRA), surgical excision, ablative and topical therapies are widely used to treat HSIL.
objectivesWith ASCC incidence increasing and new guidelines on screening high-risk patients, we sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HSIL treatment modalities. DATA SOURCES: EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases were searched for English-language, original studies specifically on HSIL or anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) treatment from inception until December 31, 2025. REVIEW
methodsTwo reviewers independently reviewed abstracts and full-text articles with a third reviewer for discrepancies. Studies were evaluated for efficacy, recurrence and safety.
resultsSixty-four original papers were evaluated, of which five were randomised controlled trials (two directly comparing different modalities). Numbers in each study and overall quality were low, and extensive heterogeneity existed in methodology. Side effects were common, but significant complications only occurred with surgical excision and photodynamic therapy.
conclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to clearly identify any gold standard HSIL treatment modality. Regardless of the modality, treatment overall is safe, but recurrence is high. Studies directly comparing modalities with standardisation of methodologies and outcome measures are required, especially in light of increasing incidence of ASCC and up-take of HRA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.