Enhanced Wear Resistance of Tungsten-Reinforced Brass Surface Composite Produced Through Friction Stir Processing at Varying Tool Rotational Speed.

Haitham M Alswat, Karpagarajan Sivaraman, Balamurugan Chinnasamy, Vigneshwaran Soundararaja Perumal, El-Sayed I Abdel Aziz

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Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 authors.

Haitham M AlswatDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shaqra University, Riyadh 11911, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-5032-9259

Karpagarajan SivaramanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Engineering College, Perambalur 621212, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID 0000-0002-1140-0830

Balamurugan ChinnasamyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.

Vigneshwaran Soundararaja PerumalDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai 600089, Tamil Nadu, India.ORCID 0000-0002-0050-7587

El-Sayed I Abdel AzizMaterial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-8655-4543

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study examines the effect of tool rotational speed on the microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of brass-tungsten (brass/W) surface composites fabricated through friction stir processing. Microstructural analysis confirmed a uniform distribution of tungsten particles within the stir zone, with no observable clustering. Improved properties were achieved at a lower traverse speed of 40 mm/min combined with a higher rotational speed of 1168 rpm, which promoted finer grain formation (~4 µm) and better particle dispersion. An increase in rotational speed led to a corresponding rise in hardness, from 142 HV at 832 rpm to 165 HV at 1168 rpm. In terms of wear behavior, the sample processed at lower rotational speed exhibited abrasive and micro-cutting wear, whereas the sample processed at higher rotational speed predominantly showed adhesive wear.

Indexed as

adhesion wearbrassfriction stir processinghardnessmicrostructuresliding wear behaviorsurface compositetool rotational speedtungsten particlewear resistance

Identifiers

PMID42124152

DOI10.3390/ma19091745

PMCPMC13165231

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