ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Novel NSAID Analogs Exhibit Anti-Leukemic Activity Through Modulation of Apoptotic and Survival Pathways.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex blood cancer that primarily affects relapsing or refractory patients receiving conventional chemotherapy. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have anticancer properties with restricted clinical efficacy attributable to cyclooxygenase (COX)-induced toxicities. To address this issue, a group of benzylamide analogs of the classical NSAIDs (NSI-1-NSI-9) were developed and synthesized to mask the carboxylic acid moiety and minimize COX-induced adverse effects while maintaining anticancer activity. The cytotoxic effect of such substances has been demonstrated in some leukemia cell lines (HL-60, MV4-11, KG1a, and K562). NSI-5 exerted the highest anti-leukemic activity among these sulindac analogs, as determined at a sub-micromolar level in all cell lines studied, by IC50. This mechanistic data also demonstrated that NSI-5 induced apoptosis that was dose-dependent, especially in HL-60 cell lines, and increased the sub-G1 cell fraction. This apoptotic process was also accompanied by a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, which is characteristic of the induction of the intrinsic apoptotic process. Interestingly, NSI-5 decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of most antioxidants (catalase and glutathione synthetase), as well as the redox balance. Gene characterization in vitro also suggested activation of apoptotic pathways, where expression of
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