ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2026
Ethnic Disparities in Achieving Treatment Targets and Organ Damage Accrual in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Multi-Centre Study from Malaysia.
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Syahrul Sazliyana ShaharirFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Teh Cheng LayDepartment of Medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Hospital, Kuching 93586, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Asmahan Mohamed IsmailDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Bandar, Kota Bharu 15586, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Azwarina Hanim RamlanDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Km 6, Jln Langgar, Alor Setar 05460, Kedah, Malaysia.
Tan Chou LuanDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Km 6, Jln Langgar, Alor Setar 05460, Kedah, Malaysia.
Hairul Hadi AriffDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, 13a, Jalan Penampang, Kota Kinabalu 88200, Sabah, Malaysia.
Anna Farazilah Mohd SallehDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, 13a, Jalan Penampang, Kota Kinabalu 88200, Sabah, Malaysia.
Ng Chun RuhDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Fatimah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jln Salleh, Taman Utama Satu, Muar 84000, Johor, Malaysia.
Asmah MohdDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Bukit Rasah, Seremban 70300, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Chua Siew HouyDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Bukit Rasah, Seremban 70300, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Nadiah Mohd NoorDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Fatimah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jln Salleh, Taman Utama Satu, Muar 84000, Johor, Malaysia.ORCID 0009-0008-0624-9073
Ling Guo RueyDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sibu, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Batu 5 1/2, Jalan Ulu Oya, Pekan Sibu, Sibu 96000, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Sharifah Aishah Wan Mohamad AkbarDepartment of Medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Hospital, Kuching 93586, Sarawak, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4700-0951
Raja Jasmin Begum Raja MohamedFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Fariz YahyaFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-8139-7764
Kan Sow LaiDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Bukit Mertajam, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jln Kulim, Bukit Mertajam 14000, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Wan Syamimee Wan GhazaliSchool of Medical Sciences, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Shakira SelvanandaDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Tanah Putih, Kuantan 25100, Pahang, Malaysia.
Dayang Masyrinartie SuhailiDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Tanah Putih, Kuantan 25100, Pahang, Malaysia.
Noraini Mat HusinDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia.
Hashimah Abu Mansor MatardiahDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tuanku Fauziah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, 3, Jalan Tun Abdul Razak, Pusat Bandar Kangar, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia.
Eashwary MageswaranDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Langat, Klang 41200, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4747-8541
Suhaida Ahmad MaulanaDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Langat, Klang 41200, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mariam Hamid MustaphaDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Langat, Klang 41200, Selangor, Malaysia.
Wan Rosmaiza Wan MusaDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Putrajaya, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, Presint 7, Putrajaya 62250, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Nor Shuhaila ShahrilDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Putrajaya, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, Presint 7, Putrajaya 62250, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-4260-8498
Liza Mohd IsaDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Putrajaya, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, Presint 7, Putrajaya 62250, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Shereen Ch'ng SuyinDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, Batu Caves 68100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Norliza ZainudinDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, Batu Caves 68100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mollyza Mohd ZainDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, Batu Caves 68100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Habibah Mohd YusoofDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, Batu Caves 68100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Chong Hwee ChengDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Melaka, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Mufti Haji Khalil, Melaka City 75400, Melaka, Malaysia.
Hong Hooi ChuenDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Melaka, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Mufti Haji Khalil, Melaka City 75400, Melaka, Malaysia.
Jasmine Yew Sze YinDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Melaka, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Mufti Haji Khalil, Melaka City 75400, Melaka, Malaysia.
Siti Mariam Ab RahimDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Lim Shiau LiDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Puchong, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-4075-7900
Gan Syang PyngDepartment of Medicine, Hospital Sultan Idris Shah Serdang, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Jalan Puchong, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-1527-4739
Hazlyna BaharuddinFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Nur Farhana Abdul ManafFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Malehah Mohd NohFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia.
Sakthiswary RajalinghamFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mohd Shahrir Mohamed SaidFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-1459-1844
Rozita MohdFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Muhammad Irfan Abdul JalalFaculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-6911-3335
Funding
AstraZeneca Sdn Bhd FF-2023-275 (ESR-23-22152)
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damageethniclupusremission
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