Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42122757›Full record

ArticlePolymers2026

Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Thermal, Structural, Morphological and Biodegradation Properties of Poly(ε-caprolactone) and Poly(lactic Acid).

Mbongeni Ngwenya, Thandi Patricia Gumede, Bennie Motloung

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mbongeni NgwenyaDepartment of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-8966-692X
Thandi Patricia GumedeDepartment of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, Free State, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5315-7296
Bennie MotloungDepartment of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-8041-0725

Funding

National Research Foundation PMDS22062125350National Research Foundation PSTD2205057154National Research Foundation TTK2204264865
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biodegradable materials offer promising alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. This study investigates poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites reinforced with 1, 3 and 5 wt.% cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) extracted from sugarcane bagasse via melt blending. The thermal, structural, morphological and biodegradation properties were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray scattering (WAXS/SAXS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and biodegradation tests. SEM results revealed uniform dispersion of CNCs at low concentrations, whereas agglomeration occurred at higher concentrations for both PCL and PLA. At 1 wt.% CNCs, there was minimal impact on the biodegradation rates of both polymers, despite achieving uniform dispersion. However, significant acceleration in biodegradation was observed at 5 wt.% CNCs, attributed to the enhanced hydrophilic nature of the nanocomposites. CNCs acted as nucleating agents in PCL crystallization, while reducing the crystallization rate of PLA. This led to a mass loss of 36.4% for PCL and 82.2% for PLA, correlating with increased and decreased crystallinities, respectively. The study concludes that the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance has a more significant influence on biodegradation rates than crystallinity or CNC dispersion.

Indexed as

bionanocompositescrystallinitymorphologynanocellulosepoly(lactic acid)poly(ε-caprolactone)sustainability

Identifiers

PMID42122757
PMCPMC13165788

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.