ArticleCancers2026
Sex-Specific Trends in Thyroid Cancer Incidence and Histological Patterns in Northern Tunisia: A Population-Based Study with Implications for Cancer Control and Prevention.
Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A generative AI multi-agent framework with integrated XAI governance for cancer diagnostics: from multi-omics interpretation to lifestyle risk stratification.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Review
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14 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThyroid cancer (TC) represents the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide, with incidence increasing rapidly across diverse geographic regions. However, population-based evidence from North Africa remains limited, and comprehensive longitudinal analyses examining sex-specific incidence patterns, histological subtypes, and trends in tumor extension are lacking in Tunisia.
aimThis study aimed to (i) quantify TC incidence trends by sex and age group, (ii) characterize histological subtype-specific temporal patterns and tumor extension at diagnosis in northern Tunisia between 2000 and 2018, and (iii) to address projections in incidence by sex until 2040.
methodsA retrospective, population-based registry study was conducted using data from the Northern Tunisia Cancer Registry (NTCR), covering 11 governorates with a population of 5,233,700 in 2018. All primary invasive TC cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 were included (n = 3639). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) were calculated using the WHO standard population. Temporal trends were assessed using Joinpoint regression to estimate average annual percentage change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals. Projections of TC incidence to 2040 were generated using Bayesian autoregressive age-period-cohort models.
resultsTC incidence increased significantly between 2000 and 2018, with overall ASIR rising from 2.8 to 5.0 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC = 3.8%,
conclusionsThis population-based study demonstrates a sustained rise in TC incidence in northern Tunisia, disproportionately affecting women and largely driven by papillary histology. The concurrent increase in TC incidence alongside a reduction in regional and metastatic extension at diagnosis occurred. These findings have important implications for cancer prevention and control, highlighting the need for risk-adapted screening strategies and rationalized diagnostic practices.
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