Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42121936›Full record

ReviewCells2026

Microglia in Epilepsy: From Molecular Mechanism to Therapeutic Strategy.

Yam Nath Paudel, Efthalia Angelopoulou, Sai Kulkarni, Robert E Blair, Laxmikant S Deshpande

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cells, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yam Nath PaudelDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Efthalia Angelopoulou1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-1426-3384
Sai KulkarniDepartment of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-6185-1657
Robert E BlairDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Laxmikant S DeshpandeDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1491-1561

Funding

Identification and optimization of verapamil as a novel neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent for reducing long-term neurological morbidities following organophosphate-induced status epilepticusUH3NS133630 · NINDS · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI Laxmikant S Deshpande · 2025 to 2026
$1.3M
Identification and optimization of verapamil as a novel neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent for reducing long-term neurological morbidities following organophosphate-induced status epilepticusUG3NS133630 · NINDS · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI DESHPANDE, LAXMIKANT S · 2023 to 2024
$1.1M
NINDS NIH HHS UG3 NS133630NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS133630
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The limit of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies against epilepsy has prompted mainstream epilepsy research toward understanding the pathways contributing to epileptic seizures. Microglia, the powerhouse of the brain's innate immune system, is known for its role in epileptic seizures, contributing via neuroinflammation, neuronal death, and neurogenesis. Therapeutic targeting of microglia with its inhibitor and therapeutic compounds modulating its activation reduces the development of spontaneous recurrent seizure after status epilepticus in a pre-clinical model. Herein, we review various aspects of microglia in epilepsy, including their contribution to seizure-induced neuronal death and neurogenesis, the outcome of depleting microglia (both pharmacologically and genetically), the aspects of microglia-astrocyte interaction, and promising therapeutic outcomes achieved by targeting microglia.

Indexed as

EpilepsyMicrogliaAnimalsHumansNeurogenesisNeuronsepilepsymicrogliamicroglia depletionminocyclineneurodegenerationneurogenesisseizure

Identifiers

PMID42121936
PMCPMC13163127

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.