Can Medical Chatbots Trigger Disinhibition and Encourage Health Information Disclosure?

Abdallah Alsaad, Shadaid Alanezi, Loai Kayed B Melhim, Adi Alsyouf

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Abdallah AlsaadDepartment of MIS, College of Business, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-1286-6170

Shadaid AlaneziDepartment of Health Information Management and Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0002-6667-5150

Loai Kayed B MelhimDepartment of Health Information Management and Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4821-1125

Adi AlsyoufDepartment of Healthcare Management and Informatics, College of Health & Medical Sciences, Liwa University, Abu Dhabi 41009, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0002-4672-8991

Funding

University of Hafr Al-Batin 0039-1446-S

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencedisinhibitioninformation disclosuremedical chatbot

Identifiers

PMID42121661

DOI10.3390/healthcare14091218

PMCPMC13163985

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.