Observational studyBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026
Robson ten-group classification-based analysis of caesarean sections in Türkiye: a large-scale cross-sectional study.
Observational study in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Comparison of four imaging modalities for cesarean scar defect: a retrospective study.BMC women's health · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCaesarean section (C-section) rates are rising globally, including in Türkiye, indicating a significant shift in obstetric practices. To standardise monitoring, the World Health Organization (WHO) advocates for the Robson 10-group classification system (RTGCS), with categorises all deliveries into ten distinct groups based on obstetric history and current pregnancy characteristics, such as parity, previous C-section, and foetal presentation. This study evaluated C-section rates at a Turkish tertiary referral centre using this classification to identify targets for clinical quality improvement.
methodsThis retrospective study analysed deliveries over 12 years, between 1 July 2012 and 1 October 2024, stratified based on RTGCS. Pairwise comparisons utilised independent t-tests for numerical data and Pearson's chi-squared tests for nominal variables. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, with results presented alongside 95% confidence intervals (CI).
resultsA total of 119,767 deliveries were evaluated. Of these, 84.5% (n = 101,252) involved Turkish nationals and 15.5% (n = 18,515) involved refugees. Overall, 56,986 deliveries (47.6%) were performed by C-section, with a higher rate among Turkish women (49.6%) compared with refugee women (36.4%). Within the four largest Robson groups, Group 5 provided the highest absolute contribution to the total C-section count at 21.0%. The absolute contributions for Groups 1, 3, and 10 were 5.9%, 5.8%, and 5.5%, respectively. Collectively, these four groups accounted for 38.2% of all deliveries and 80.2% of all C-section cases recorded in the study.
conclusionThis study indicated that the overall C-section rate was 47.6%, predominantly driven by Group 5, followed by Groups 10, 3, and 1.
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