ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026
Full-dilatation cesarean section and risk of cesarean scar diverticulum: a multi-institutional cohort study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the risk of cesarean scar diverticulum associated with the timing of cesarean section. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study involving three Chinese hospitals. A total of 11,132 women were included in this study. They were divided into three groups according to the timing of cesarean section: before labor (group A), the first stage of labor (group B), and the second stage of labor (group C). Data of interest were extracted from the medical records and compared among groups. The logistic regression was conducted to estimate the odds ratio and to adjust for confounders.
resultsFor the entire study cohort, a total of 1134 (10.2%) women had a cesarean scar diverticulum after cesarean section. The number of cesarean scar diverticulum for Groups A, B, and C was 397 (7.8%), 313 (8.7%), and 424 (17.4%), respectively. The differences among groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). After adjusting for the influence of potential confounding factors, the multivariate analysis shows that compared with the cesarean section before labor, the cesarean section after full dilation of the cervix significantly increases the risk of cesarean scar diverticulum (aOR: 2.67, 95% CI: 1.31-4.99, P = 0.015) and symptomatic cesarean scar diverticulum (aOR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.21-4.67, P = 0.012).
conclusionCesarean section during the second stage of labor significantly increases the risk of cesarean scar diverticulum.
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