ArticleScientific reports2026
Differential dose-response associations of leisure-time and non-leisure-time physical activity with perceived stress in middle-aged and older adults.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
We examined the dose-response associations of leisure-time and non-leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LT-MVPA and NLT-MVPA, respectively) with high perceived stress among middle-aged and older adults. We cross-sectionally analyzed baseline data from 15,688 adults (6377 men and 9311 women) aged 40-74 years enrolled in the Yamagata Cohort Study. Perceived stress, LT-MVPA, and NLT-MVPA were assessed using questionnaires. Multivariate-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for high perceived stress were estimated using modified Poisson regression. Dose-response relationships were evaluated using restricted cubic splines. In both sexes, LT-MVPA showed an L-shaped association with high perceived stress, with PRs reaching a nadir at approximately 5.0 metabolic equivalent (MET)-hours/day (men: 0.68 [95% CI 0.57-0.82]; women: 0.81 [0.74-0.89]). For NLT-MVPA, men showed a J-shaped association, with the lowest PR at around 15 MET-hours/day (0.78 [0.63-0.96]) and no significant benefit at ≥ 22 MET-hours/day. In contrast, women showed a saturating association, with the highest PR at 20 MET-hours/day (1.27 [1.14-1.42]), remaining elevated at higher levels. LT-MVPA showed a consistent L-shaped association with high perceived stress in both sexes, whereas NLT-MVPA showed sex-specific, non-linear associations. These findings suggest that stress management strategies should account for both MVPA domain and sex.
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