Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42120355›Full record

ArticleLight, science & applications2026

On the precision models of fringe projection profilometry: unification, simplification and connection.

Shenzhen Lv, Nengqi Huang, Yuxuan Zou, Chengeng Liu, Siah Yee Long, Dawei Tang, Xiangqian Jiang, Qian Kemao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Light, science & applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shenzhen LvCollege of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4112-5208
Nengqi HuangCollege of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-5964-8431
Yuxuan ZouCollege of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Chengeng LiuCollege of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Siah Yee LongCollege of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Dawei TangCentre for Precision Technologies, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8914-7038
Xiangqian JiangCentre for Precision Technologies, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
Qian KemaoCollege of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. mkmqian@ntu.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6988-3321

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is one of the most prominent non-interferometric high-precision 3D shape measurement techniques for measuring dimensions ranging from 1 mm to 1 m, with increasing applications in precision engineering. Thorough theoretical understanding of the precision of the prevailing FPP methods is critical when facing the challenges of higher precision demands. In this paper, through theoretical analysis of three reconstruction methods based on the projection of vertical fringes (Ver3), horizontal fringes (Hor3) and optimal-angle fringes (OptE3), we establish a general unified precision model, from which a general Pythagoras relationship is discovered, clarifying the optimal precision of OptE3. We then simplify the model to reveal the role of a system's geometry for easier configuration. First, a special yet not restrictive case where the direction of the optical axis of the projector is perpendicular to the baseline of the FPP is considered, resulting in an intermediate unified precision model. We show that the effective baselines of the three methods obey a special Pythagoras relationship. Second, the angle between the optical axes of the camera and the projector is interestingly delineated from the projector's extrinsic parameters, leading to our final and simplified unified precision model. This simplified model is geometrically tangible and thus eases the determination of the positions and orientations of the projector and camera in system configuration, given a precision budget, for which, an FPP-Planner software tool is prototyped. Going beyond, we theoretically equivalate FPP with stereo vision and laser triangulation regarding precision. Our findings are experimentally validated. These theoretical models are believed to potentially enhance or even change the way of FPP design and performance evaluation.

Identifiers

PMID42120355
PMCPMC13168703

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.