ArticleMedicine and science in sports and exercise2026
A Supervised Hybrid Prenatal Exercise Program Reduces the Incidence of Macrosomia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04563065 (Active Pregnancy, Prevention Against the Effects of COVID-19), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Active Pregnancy, Prevention Against the Effects of COVID-19
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9 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo examine the effects of a supervised hybrid prenatal exercise program (combined in-person and online sessions) on the incidence of macrosomia and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG).
methodsA randomized clinical trial (NCT04563065) was conducted. A total of 260 pregnant women were assessed for eligibility and randomized (1:1). This manuscript reports results from a per-protocol analysis including 138 participants (exercise group [EG] n=62; control group [CG] n=76). The EG participated in a supervised moderate-intensity exercise program delivered in a hybrid format (1 in-person session/week at the hospital and 2 online sessions/week via Zoom), from 11 weeks' gestation until delivery. The CG received usual obstetric care, printed lifestyle education materials, and a brief phone-based physical activity interview once per trimester. Macrosomia (>4000 g) and EGWG (Institute of Medicine criteria) were extracted from hospital records and compared between groups.
resultsThe incidence of macrosomia was lower in the EG (0%) than in the CG (7.3%; χ²=6.70, p=0.01). The incidence of EGWG did not differ between groups (9.6% vs. 19.4%, p =0.13). Apgar score at 5 minutes was slightly higher in the EG than in the CG (9.91±0.34 vs. 9.82±0.56, p =0.03).
conclusionsA supervised hybrid prenatal exercise program was associated with a lower incidence of macrosomia and slightly higher 5-minute Apgar scores compared with usual care. These findings support hybrid delivery as a feasible strategy for implementing supervised prenatal exercise.
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