Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42118753›Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

Distributed denial of service detection and mitigation in software-defined networking-enabled software-defined wide area networks.

Mohamed Musa, Tan Fong Ang, Yen-Lin Chen, Uzair Aslam Bhatti, Chin Soon Ku, Yu Luo, Jiahui Chen, Lip Yee Por

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Mohamed MusaDepartment of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayar Persekutuan, Malaysia.
Tan Fong AngDepartment of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayar Persekutuan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-3660
Yen-Lin ChenDepartment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-9393
Uzair Aslam BhattiSchool of information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Hainan, China.
Chin Soon KuDepartment of Computer Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0793-3308
Yu LuoSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3968-9725
Jiahui ChenSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Lip Yee PorDepartment of Computer System and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayar Persekutuan, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5865-1533

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Software-defined wide area networks (SD-WAN), empowered by software-defined networking (SDN) technology, offer unparalleled flexibility and efficiency in wireless communication. However, their integration introduces new security challenges, particularly in mitigating distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. In this paper, we propose an advanced security framework tailored to SDN-enabled SD-WAN. A dataset collected during experiments was used for training and testing the model's performance. Our framework leverages machine learning algorithms to detect and classify DDoS attacks targeting SD-WAN controllers, considering the environment's unique characteristics. We develop adaptive machine learning model capable of accurately discerning high-rate and low-rate DDoS attacks, enhancing the network's resilience against sophisticated threats. Results from controlled experiments show promise for real-world deployment, though further validation is needed. Our results highlight the framework's ability to adapt to dynamic network conditions and provide robust security for SDN-enabled SD-WAN. Our adaptive model integrates RF and DT explicitly for SD-WAN contexts, achieving 99.97% accuracy for high-rate attacks and 99.96% for low-rate attacks. Our QT-PCA preprocessing pipeline reduces dimensionality while preserving performance, and PACKET_IN event-triggered mitigation enables dynamic response. This method significantly enhances security solutions' accuracy, ensuring robust DDoS attack detection in SD-WAN environments. Additionally, by leveraging the SD-WAN architecture's efficiency, our approach optimizes network performance, underscoring its efficacy and practicality in enhancing security and efficiency.

Indexed as

Computer Communication NetworksComputer SecuritySoftwareWireless TechnologyAlgorithmsMachine Learning

Identifiers

PMID42118753
PMCPMC13166937

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.