ArticlePloS one2026
Analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancer: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases and nearly 670,000 deaths reported in 2022. The absence of hormone receptors and HER2 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) reduces therapeutic options, contributing to a poorer prognosis. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are cells present in the tumor microenvironment, associated with a better prognosis and potentially playing a role in patient stratification and therapeutic management in the future. This protocol aims to assess the prognostic value of TILs in the survival of patients with TNBC, as well as their relationship with disease recurrence.
methodsComprehensive search will be conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library. The search will include cohort, case-control, and clinical trials studies that approach the prognostic value of TILs in TNBC and their role in optimizing treatment strategies, and no language restrictions. Two independent reviewers will select articles based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, extract data, and assess the risk of bias using the QUIPS tool. Data synthesis will be conducted using the "meta" package in R software, version 4.3.1.
conclusionsThis systematic review will synthesize current evidence on the prognostic significance of TILs in triple-negative breast cancer and their association with patient survival and disease recurrence. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of TILs as potential biomarkers for prognosis and guide future therapeutic strategies in TNBC management. Review registration: CRD42024568600.
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