SynthesisInternational urology and nephrology2026
Effect of tobacco avoidance on the incidence of non-hereditary renal cell carcinoma in patients over 18 years of age: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International urology and nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveRisk factors for kidney cancer are divided into modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Among the former, smoking stands out, whose relationship with the disease has been extensively studied, from the intensity of consumption to the effects of cessation. However, the impact of avoiding smoking is not precisely known. This study aimed to estimate the effect of avoiding tobacco use on the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients over 18 years of age with no family history.
methodsA systematic review of clinical trials and observational studies was conducted in the Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and LILACS databases. Patients aged 18 years or older with a confirmed histological diagnosis of RCC were included. The primary outcome was RCC development. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool, and a meta-analysis of the included studies was performed.
resultsOf 49 studies identified, 7 met the inclusion criteria, totaling 4,430 patients. In the total population, tobacco avoidance was associated with a lower risk of RCC (RR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.56-0.84; I
conclusionsSmoking avoidance is associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of RCC, especially in men. Further studies with uniform definitions of avoidance are needed to assess its long-term effect.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.