SynthesisSexually transmitted diseases2026
Treponemal and Lipoidal Immunoglobulin M Tests in the Diagnosis and Management of Syphilis Among Nonpregnant Adults: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are many commercially available tests that isolate immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to either treponemal-specific or lipoidal (non-treponemal) antigens. These IgM tests for syphilis are distinct from standard serologies that are routinely used (e.g., Treponema pallidum particle agglutination), most of which detect a combination of IgM and immunoglobulin G antibodies. There are several clinical scenarios where IgM tests for syphilis may be of clinical utility: in diagnosing early primary syphilis, in differentiating early from late latent syphilis, in detecting reinfections, and in identifying persons at increased risk for complications such as neurological syphilis.
methodsWe performed a systematic review of IgM tests for syphilis among nonpregnant adults, focusing on these clinical scenarios.
resultsThirteen studies were included.
conclusionsThe current data suffer from limited sample sizes and significant heterogeneity in syphilis staging, IgM assays, and serological comparators. Whether IgM serologies offer additional clinical benefits beyond standard serologies is unclear. These tests should not be routinely used in the absence of higher-quality data.
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