ArticleJournal of healthcare leadership2026
Short-Form Measures of Well-Being Centered Leadership for Matrixed Healthcare Systems.
Article in Journal of healthcare leadership, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: This study extracted the empirically strongest short-form abbreviations of the adapted Mayo Leadership Impact Index (MLII) and evaluated their comparative validity and reliability versus the full-length reference scale. Participants and Methods: Data were sourced from physician-respondents to the 2023 (n=158) and 2024 (n=112) annual "well-being" surveys in a tri-hospital Cardiovascular healthcare system in Texas. Priority ranking of the full-length scale's items based on factor loadings from single-factor confirmatory factor analysis and information function plots from unidimensional graded response model analysis yielded single-, 3-, and 4-item short-form scales. Convergent validity of short-form versus full-length scales was compared using Spearman correlations with professional fulfillment, self-valuation, autonomy support, peer connectedness, and peer respect measures. Divergent validity was tested via correlations with occupational burnout. Internal consistency was based on Cronbach's and ordinal reliability coefficients. Inter-rater reliability was based on areas under the ROC curve, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen's kappa coefficient. Results: Single-item, 3-item, and 4-item short-form scales, from the four highest ranked items, had similar convergent and divergent validity indexes plus inter-rater reliability to the 9-item adapted MLII. Internal consistency reliabilities for the 9-item, 4-item, and 3-item versions of the adapted MLII were >0.900. Sensitivity/specificity ratios and kappa coefficients for MLII-4, MLII-3, and MLII-1 extracts versus the adapted MLII-9 were all >0.700. Conclusion: Findings verify the reliability and validity of short-form abbreviations of the adapted MLII as lower-burden options for assessing well-being centered leadership within matrixed healthcare systems.
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