ArticleBMC oral health2026
The effects of three whitening toothpastes on the color stability, microhardness, and surface roughness of contemporary one‑shade composite systems.
Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical (surface roughness & microhardness) and optical (color stability) properties of two modern one-shade dental composites following exposure to three different whitening toothpastes.
methodsA total of 192 disc-shaped specimens (n = 8; per subgroup) were prepared from two one-shade composites: ONE (Charisma One, Kulzer, Germany) and VITTRA APS (Advanced Polymerization System) Unique (FGM, Germany). Specimens were assigned to four brushing media: Opalescence Whitening, Signal White Now Glossy Shine, Colgate Optic White Expert, and distilled water (control). Discs (2 mm × 10 mm) were fabricated using a Teflon mold, stored at 37 °C for 24 h in tab water. Microhardness (Vickers; 200 g/10 s), surface roughness (contact profilometry), and color parameters (VITA Easyshade V; CIEDE2000) were recorded before and after a toothbrushing simulation of 10,000 cycles. Toothpastes were used as a 1:3 (v/v) slurry. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.05).
resultsAll surface roughness values increased after toothbrushing; the greatest change was observed in the VW group (0.056 ± 0.017), whereas the smallest change occurred in the OCO group (0.006 ± 0.040) (p < 0.05). In all subgroups, microhardness values decreased following brushing, and the most pronounced reduction was found in the OW group (-10.12 ± 3.24). This decrease was statistically significant when compared with the OS, OC, OCO, and VW groups (p < 0.05). With respect to color stability, only the VW group remained below the clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE₀₀ = 1.8). Nevertheless, no statistically significant differences were detected among the experimental groups. Nor, interestingly, did any group other than VW exhibit a change that fell within the clinically acceptable range.
conclusionThe compositional architecture and formulation of dental composites, in conjunction with toothpaste constituents, may lead to divergent outcomes when subjected to various mechanical tests.
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