Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42115862›Full record

ArticleNutrition journal2026

Association of dietary diversity measured by the number of dishes with cardiovascular risk factors among Japanese adults: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2018-19.

Saeka Takabayashi, Emiko Okada, Hidemi Takimoto, Mieko Nakamura, Satoshi Sasaki, Kunihiko Takahashi, Koshi Nakamura, Shigekazu Ukawa, Akiko Tamakoshi

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Article in Nutrition journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Saeka TakabayashiDepartment of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15 West 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
Emiko OkadaThe Health Care Science Institute, 3-2-12 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0052, Japan.
Hidemi TakimotoNational Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park, NK Building, 3-17 Senrioka Shinmachi, Settsu-shi, Osaka, 566-0002, Japan.
Mieko NakamuraCenter for Nutritional Epidemiology and Policy Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park, NK Building, 3-17 Senrioka Shinmachi, Settsu-shi, Osaka, 566-0002, Japan.
Satoshi SasakiDepartment of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Kunihiko TakahashiDepartment of Biostatistics, M&D Data Science Center, Institute of Integrated Research, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
Koshi NakamuraDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Ginowan, 901-2720, Japan.
Shigekazu UkawaGraduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
Akiko TamakoshiDepartment of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, North 15 West 7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan. tamaa@med.hokudai.ac.jp.

Funding

JSPS KAKENHI JP24K20213
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Japanese-style diet has attracted attention as a factor contributing to the Japanese population's longevity by reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The Japanese-style diet is said to be "ichijusansai" (rice with one soup and three dishes) and is characterized by a high number of dishes. However, the relationship between the number of dishes in all meals (NDAM) and CVD risk factors remains unclear.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 2,900 participants aged ≥20 years from the 2018-19 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Participants were divided into four groups according to sex and NDAM. NDAM was calculated based on a one-day weighed dietary record, excluding beverages, and including all other dishes and foods. Multivariable relative risks (RRs) were estimated using a modified Poisson regression model adjusted for age, living alone, area, occupation, exercise habits, smoking habits, drinking habits, and total energy intake.

resultsParticipants with higher NDAM were more likely to be older, non-smokers, and physically active. In men, higher NDAM (Groups 2-4) was associated with a lower risk of dyslipidemia compared to Group 1 (the lowest NDAM). In women, an inverse association was observed for overweight/obesity, with Group 4 (the highest NDAM) showing a lower risk than Group 1. Furthermore, a lower risk of hypertension was found in Groups 2-3 compared to Group 1. However, these associations did not remain statistically significant after Bonferroni correction.

conclusionA diet with a high NDAM may be inversely associated with several CVD risk factors among Japanese adults.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDietFeeding BehaviorHeart Disease Risk FactorsMealsAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysRisk FactorsCardiovascular diseaseDietary diversityNumber of dishes

Identifiers

PMID42115862
PMCPMC13335204

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.