Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42115546›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery2026

Imaging skins: stretchable Gd2O2S:Tb X-ray detectors for image-guided surgery.

Rozenn Raffaut, Robert Moss, Agostino Stilli, Danail Stoyanov

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rozenn RaffautHawkes Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. rozenn.raffaut.21@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-6434-0045
Robert MossDepartment of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-9322
Agostino StilliHawkes Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. a.stilli@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4904-0500
Danail StoyanovHawkes Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. danail.stoyanov@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0980-3227

Funding

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UKRI145Royal Academy of Engineering CiET1819/2/36
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWith the growing demands for diverse X-ray imaging applications, there is a need for the development of flexible X-ray detectors to enable conformity to curved surfaces, improving spatial resolution, reducing X-ray exposure, and extending the potential of X-ray imaging to fields such as minimally invasive surgery, which would not be achievable using conventional rigid flat-panel detectors.

methodsIn this paper, we fabricate imaging skins-flexible and stretchable Gd2O2S:Tb-elastomer scintillator films-and integrate them into an indirect X-ray imaging system. We characterise X-ray imaging performance and mechanical properties of the imaging skins, investigating the impact of varying film fabrication parameters such as thickness and concentration.

resultsThe results demonstrate the clinical suitability of the imaging skin system, achieving 1.05 to 2.18 lp/mm at 10% contrast despite the low X-ray energy used, which is comparable to clinical CT. Additionally, the high stretchability (255%) from the elastomer component was maintained in imaging skins with up to 50% Gd2O2S:Tb loading.

conclusionThis work provides a basis for the integration of imaging skins in clinical settings, where they have the potential to be used for real-time intraoperative image guidance. Future work will investigate dynamic and tomographic imaging methods, determine effective deployment strategies of the imaging skins onto organ surfaces, and investigate the effects of imaging skin deformation on image quality.

Indexed as

GadoliniumSkinSurgery, Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignHumansGadoliniumDetector characterisationImage qualityInorganic scintillatorStretchable sensorX-ray detector

Identifiers

PMID42115546
PMCPMC13451512

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.