Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42114090›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Balancing Stealth and Targetability: cCPP- and PEG-Modified Liposomes for the Targeted Delivery of Anti-HER2 Nanobodies.

Giulia Pander, Maria Del Pilar Palacios Cisneros, Clara Certa, Megan Stierli, Katharina Beck, Nicolas Färber, Lisa Blank, Fiona Tanner, Eric Mühlberg, Sabrina Wohlfart and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Giulia PanderDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Maria Del Pilar Palacios CisnerosDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Clara CertaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Megan StierliDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Katharina BeckLipospec GmbH, Augsburg, Germany.
Nicolas FärberLipospec GmbH, Augsburg, Germany.
Lisa BlankDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Fiona TannerDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Eric MühlbergDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Sabrina WohlfartDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Christian KleistDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jörg HuwylerDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Gert FrickerDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Walter MierDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Philipp UhlDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.

Funding

EXIST Forschungstransfer FKZ03EFWBY298
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nanobodies (Nbs) are considered promising antibody fragments for overcoming limitations in precision oncology due to their high specificity and deep tissue penetration. However, their therapeutic potential remains limited by their rapid renal clearance. In this study, anti-HER2 Nb-loaded liposomes with dual functionalization combining polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG) and cyclic cell-penetrating peptides are developed to ameliorate their pharmacokinetic behavior while retaining binding specificity. Liposomal formulations with high encapsulation efficiencies are produced with dual centrifugation. Biophysical characterization reveals that PEGylation effectively mitigates cCPP-induced membrane destabilization, ensuring structural integrity. In vitro assays confirm that, despite the steric shielding by PEG, the encapsulated Nbs retain their functionality and specific binding to HER2-overexpressing cells. In vivo studies in zebrafish larvae demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and lack of immunogenicity. Crucially, liposomal encapsulation significantly modulates the pharmacokinetic profile of Nbs in rats, reducing renal accumulation compared to free Nbs. This study presents a robust liposomal platform that successfully balances the stealth properties of PEG with the functional benefits of cCPPs. Consequently, this platform offers an effective strategy to enhance the therapeutic window of low-molecular-weight biologics.

Indexed as

Cell-Penetrating PeptidesDrug Delivery SystemsErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolsSingle-Domain AntibodiesAnimalsHumansRatsZebrafishCell-Penetrating PeptidesErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolsSingle-Domain AntibodiesHER2liposomesnanobodiespharmacokineticsratszebrafish

Identifiers

PMID42114090
PMCPMC13336026

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.