Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42113407›Full record

ArticleNano-micro letters2026

Hierarchically Architected 3D-Printed Hydrogel Evaporators Enable Synergistic Salt Management and Photocatalytic Purification.

Xin Yang, Xinqi Guo, Yankuan Tian, Rong Zhou, Yifei Gong, Chengming Zhang, Feng Ji, Liu Liu, Faxue Li, Ruiyun Zhang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nano-micro letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Xin YangKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Xinqi GuoKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Yankuan TianKey Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
Rong ZhouCollege of Textiles and Fashion, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, People's Republic of China.
Yifei GongKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Chengming ZhangKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Feng JiKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Liu LiuInnovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Faxue LiKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China. fxlee@dhu.edu.cn.
Ruiyun ZhangKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China. ryzhang@dhu.edu.cn.
Jianyong YuInnovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China.
Tingting GaoKey Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China. gaott@dhu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interfacial solar-driven water evaporation offers a sustainable route to clean water production, but faces critical challenges of salt accumulation and organic contamination in complex industrial wastewater treatment. To address these challenges, we engineered a multifunctional 3D-printed hydrogel evaporator with vertically aligned grid architectures and hierarchical porosity. This unique structure promotes rapid water replenishment and Marangoni-driven salt back-diffusion through millimeter-scale channels, effectively preventing salt crystallization. By integrating carbon black and the metal-organic framework PCN-224 into the printing ink, we constructed a dual-functional photothermal-photocatalytic system. This synergistic combination not only enhances light absorption and photothermal conversion but also significantly reduces the water evaporation enthalpy. Coupled with heat-accelerated reaction kinetics, the system achieves efficient broad-spectrum photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The resultant composite evaporator attains a high water evaporation rate of 2.04 kg m⁻

Indexed as

3D printingHydrogel evaporatorsMetal–organic frameworkSalt resistanceSolar desalination

Identifiers

PMID42113407
PMCPMC13161444

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.