ArticleDiscover nano2026
Nanoformulated thymol loaded chitosan conjugates as potent antibacterials against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.
Article in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNanomaterial-based antibacterial systems offer new opportunities for the control of phytopathogenic bacteria through targeted, multi-level cellular disruption. Herein, this study synthesizes and characterizes the thymol-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (TCNPs) using a variety of physicochemical and antimicrobial efficacy techniques against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causative agent of bacterial leaf blight in rice.
resultsPhysicochemical characterization confirmed efficient thymol encapsulation, nanoscale particle size, stable surface properties and morphology suitable for bacterial interaction. TCNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity, reflected in the concentration-dependent reduction of bacterial growth coupled with metabolic viability and its decrease to ~ 60% at sub-lethal concentration (1/2 MIC). Further trypan blue staining revealed a massive increase in membrane-compromised Xoo cells upon TCNPs treatment, an indication of early loss of membrane integrity. Further, the exposure to TCNPs induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and significantly increased lipid peroxidation, as shown by higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (44%) at 532 nm. Moreover, FTIR analysis demonstrated clear alterations in membrane lipid vibrations, protein secondary structures, and cell-wall carbohydrate regions that confirmed the structural destabilization of Xoo cells. The untargeted LC-MS profiling supported these spectral findings through the loss of intact phospholipids, appearance of oxidized lipid fragments, and depletion of some amino-acid signatures in treated samples. These molecular and biochemical changes together suggest that TCNPs disrupt the bacterial membrane and induce ROS-mediated oxidative damage leading to metabolic imbalance and loss of cell viability.
conclusionThe overall study depicts the multifaceted antibacterial mechanism of TCNPs via membrane destabilization, oxidative lipid damage, and metabolic disruption in Xoo. These findings unravel the potential of TCNPs as a novel nanobiotechnological approach for the sustainable management of rice bacterial leaf blight.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.