ArticleRespirology case reports2026
Recurrent Pneumothorax With Bronchopleural Fistula in Primary Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Challenging Case.
Article in Respirology case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Recurrent Pneumothorax With Bronchopleural Fistula in Primary Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Challenging Case.Respirology case reports · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) complicated by recurrent pneumothorax and bronchopleural fistula (BPF) presents a major clinical challenge. We report a 41-year-old man with primary MDR-TB and a history of moderate smoking who developed recurrent secondary spontaneous pneumothorax due to BPF. Initial management included individualized MDR-TB therapy, chest tube drainage, and intrapleural catheter placement. Persistent air leak (PAL) and recurrent pneumothorax required surgical intervention. After 2 months of anti-TB therapy, he underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for fistula repair, followed by open thoracotomy with decortication and lung laceration repair 3 months later. Imaging revealed paraseptal emphysema, loculated hydropneumothorax, and bilateral fibrocavitary changes consistent with active pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient showed clinical and radiological improvement up to 9 months of therapy, without recurrent pneumothorax or significant air leak. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, timely surgery, and multidisciplinary management in managing complex MDR-TB complications and preventing recurrence.
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