Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42111377›Full record

ArticleERJ open research2026

Respiratory viral infection is associated with increased

Yasmin Hilliam, Catherine R Armbruster, Samar E Atteih, Glenn J Rapsinski, Monika Johnson, John Moore, Junu Koirala, Leah Krainz, Jordan Gaston, John Williams and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ERJ open research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Yasmin HilliamDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9322-7471
Catherine R ArmbrusterDepartment of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Samar E AtteihDepartment of Pediatric Pulmonology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Glenn J RapsinskiDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Monika JohnsonDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
John MooreUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Junu KoiralaDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Leah KrainzDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Jordan GastonDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
John WilliamsDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Vaughn S CooperDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Stella E LeeDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jennifer M BombergerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.

Funding

Translational StudiesP30DK072506 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI PILEWSKI, JOSEPH MARK · 2005 to 2017
$12.5M
Pittsburgh Training Grant in Pediatric Pulmonary MedicineT32HL129949 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Juan Carlos Celedon · 2016 to 2026
$2.9M
Impact of Virome on Microbial Communities in the Respiratory TractR33HL137077 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BOMBERGER, JENNIFER MELINDA · 2019 to 2021
$2.2M
Regulation of viral-bacterial co-infections by immunometabolismR01HL169973 · NHLBI · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI Jennifer Melinda Bomberger · 2024 to 2026
$2.0M
Polymicrobial Interactions in the Respiratory TractR01HL142587 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BOMBERGER, JENNIFER MELINDA · 2019 to 2022
$1.6M
Viral-bacterial co-infections in the lungR01HL123771 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI BOMBERGER, JENNIFER MELINDA · 2015 to 2018
$1.5M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL123771NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL142587NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL169973NHLBI NIH HHS R33 HL137077NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL129949NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK072506
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory viral infections are an important driver of morbidity and mortality in people with chronic lung disease and are frequently associated with pulmonary exacerbations and a transition from intermittent to chronic bacterial infection of the airways. Chronic Methods: We performed an observational longitudinal study of 38 adults with cystic fibrosis and collected sinus and sputum samples at 6-month intervals from 2017 to 2021. We performed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterise the airway microbiota, real-time reverse transcriptase PCR for viral infection detection, and cytokine quantification. Results: We observed viral positivity rates of 19% and 14% in sinus and sputum samples, respectively. Human rhinovirus was the most frequently observed viral pathogen in both sinus and sputum samples. We measured a significant perturbance of the bacterial community during viral infection that did not return to baseline following resolution of the viral infection. This perturbation was driven by a significant increase in Conclusion: These findings indicate an important role for respiratory viral infections and the host immune response in the development and maintenance of chronic

Identifiers

PMID42111377
PMCPMC13152347

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.