ReviewAlpha psychiatry2026
Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Narrative Review.
Review in Alpha psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), particularly among youth, is an increasing, global, public health concern. Some studies have shown that NSSI is an independent risk factor for suicidal behavior. However, evidence-based treatment guidelines remain underdeveloped. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for studies on adolescent or adult NSSI published between January 2005 and August 2025 to try to determine the most effective treatment strategies. We included 50 studies. Interventions were categorized into psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, neuromodulation, and digital health approaches. Psychotherapy, especially dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), showed the most consistent efficacy in reducing NSSI frequency and improving emotion regulation. Adjunctive pharmacotherapy with antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics alleviated comorbid symptoms, but caution is warranted in younger patients due to potential risks. Neuromodulation techniques, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), may reduce NSSI through modulation of prefrontal cortex activity, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) show promise for treatment-resistant cases. Digital tools such as mobile applications, ecological momentary assessment, and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted technologies enable real-time monitoring and risk prediction but remain complementary to traditional crisis intervention. Ultimately, in this review, we highlight the importance of multimodal and individualized strategies in managing NSSI and provide insights to guide future clinical practice and research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.