Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42110595›Full record

ArticleArchives of medical science : AMS2026

The importance of TNF-α signaling: a potential risk factor in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.

Marta Białecka, Monika Białecka, Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska, Damian Malinowski, Monika Rać

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of medical science : AMS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Marta BiałeckaOncology Department, Military Institute of Medicine - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Monika BiałeckaDepartment of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Anna Machoy-MokrzyńskaDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Damian MalinowskiDepartment of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Monika RaćDepartment of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytokines are small, membrane-bound, protein-based cell signaling molecules that aid cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological processes. TNF-α is a pleiotropic cytokine that is regarded as a principal cytokine in the acute and chronic phases of the immune and inflammatory responses. TNF-α has been demonstrated to play a role in neuroplasticity and myelination, as well as excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and damage to the blood-brain barrier. The involvement of TNF-α in the etiology of Parkinson's disease, both in its early and late stages, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and coronary artery disease has been substantiated using both experimental models and clinical studies. TNF also plays a key role in cardiovascular disease, initiating a cascade of inflammatory and vascular responses. The aim of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanisms of TNF action and the effects of its secretion in selected diseases.

Indexed as

central nervous systemcoronary artery diseasecytokinesdementiaintima–mediamultiple sclerosisneuroinflammationParkinson’s diseaseplaqueTNF-α

Identifiers

PMID42110595
PMCPMC13154813

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.