Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42110282›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Sex differences in response to COVID-19 infection: a retrospective study based on emergency medical team interventions.

Krzysztof Marek Mitura, Daniel Celiński, Olga Bielan, Jadwiga Snarska, Sławomir Dariusz Szajda

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Krzysztof Marek MituraIndependent Public Health Care Center RM-MEDITRANS Emergency Station and Sanitary Transport in Siedlce, Siedlce, Poland.
Daniel CelińskiDepartment of Emergency Medical Service, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Olga BielanDepartment of Nursing, School of Public Health, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Jadwiga SnarskaDepartment of Surgery, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Sławomir Dariusz SzajdaDepartment of Emergency Medical Service, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected several aspects of daily life and seriously threatened public health. The main aim of this study was to investigate the differences in human response to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection depending on sex, based on emergency medical team (EMT) interventions. The study was conducted in north-eastern Poland and were based on 12,110 EMT interventions, in which SARS-CoV-2 virus infection was indicated as an ICD-10 codification-based diagnosis. The study used descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, and Chi-square tests. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 accounted for 4.6% of all EMT interventions during the period under analysis. Younger males were more likely to acquire infection than females (

Indexed as

COVID-19Emergency Medical ServicesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolandRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Sex FactorsCOVID-19emergency medical teamfemalemaleout-of-hospital emergency medical servicesSARS-CoV-2sexsymptoms

Identifiers

PMID42110282
PMCPMC13152842

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.