Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42110096›Full record

ReviewCureus2026

Behavioral Dentistry in the Digital Age: A Review of Biofeedback Occlusal Splint Therapy.

Akshita Chipper, Swapnali Mhatre, Reema Srichand, Saniya Kulkarni, Uttam Shetty, Mridula Joshi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Akshita ChipperProsthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.
Swapnali MhatreProsthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.
Reema SrichandProsthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.
Saniya KulkarniProsthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.
Uttam ShettyProsthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.
Mridula JoshiProsthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, IND.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Occlusal splints have long been employed as conservative therapeutic devices in the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), bruxism, and occlusal dysfunctions. Traditionally fabricated from hard acrylic, these splints function primarily through passive mechanical protection and require consistent patient compliance for effectiveness. This review outlines the evolution of occlusal splint therapy, with an emphasis on recent advancements in digital fabrication and biofeedback integration, and evaluates their clinical relevance in improving treatment outcomes. It begins by summarizing conventional classifications, clinical indications, and the biomechanical principles underlying splint therapy. Recent innovations are discussed, including the emergence of biofeedback-enabled splints incorporating embedded electromyographic or pressure sensors to identify parafunctional activity and deliver real-time stimuli for neuromuscular modulation. Simultaneously, progress in computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD-CAM), 3D printing, and smart material technologies has enhanced splint precision, durability, and patient-specific customization. Additionally, mobile health platforms and remote monitoring tools play a growing role in promoting patient adherence and facilitating post-delivery follow-up. Occlusal splint therapy is undergoing a technological transformation, shifting from passive mechanical devices to interactive, data-driven therapeutic tools. These modern systems integrate wearable sensor technology, digital fabrication, and behavioral feedback to enable more personalized and effective management of TMDs and sleep bruxism. While early results are promising, robust clinical trials and long-term studies are needed to validate their efficacy and support their integration into routine clinical practice.

Indexed as

behavior-modifying approachbiofeedback occlusal splintbruxismocclusal splint therapytemporomandibular disorders

Identifiers

PMID42110096
PMCPMC13153444

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.